Is it possible to change the codes, like if I want to add something, move something around or remove some codes?
CB is completely open source, so yes you're free to modify the code but it's not recommended to do so. Typically CB is best extended using CB Auto Actions, custom plugin templates, or custom CB plugins.
Is it possible to create any kind of template? I want to hire a designer / coder to create the template that looks / works just I want it to do. Normally I upload a template here: /home/xxxxxx/ templates/ how does it work with Community Builder?
CB has its own template system. Yes, it's possible to create your own template for CB or override individual plugins template files. Typically this isn't necessary since you can move tabs and fields around on profile quite extensively to customize the profile. You can also use CB Template Changer and its Template Builder feature to generate new templates for CB if you want to quickly customize colors.
Is it possible to use 3. Parts components, extensions and modules that is not a part of CB now?
Not sur what you mean. CB is its own Joomla extension. You're free to also use other Joomla extensions.
As for the CB Gallery is it possible to change how the gallery is setup, its function, how photos are showed ets – with other words how much customize able is it?
Entire frontend of CB Gallery is template driven so yes it can be customized. This will depend heavily on your own coding experience though as you will need to know HTML, CSS, and PHP.