You'll need to create a custom database table to hold your options. Example as follows.
Structure
id | value | label | group
You then for example could have the following.
Type: Query Drop Down (Single Select)
Query:
Code:
SELECT `value`, `label`
FROM `#__my_options_table`
WHERE `group` = '[cb:if cb_field1="A1" and cb_field2="B1"]1[cb:else]2[/cb:else][/cb:if]'
Value Column: value
Label Column: label
The above for example would show all options with a group value of 1 if cb_field1 is set to A1 and cb_field2 is set to B1 otherwise it shows all options with a group value of 2. This can of course all be adjusted however you like including how you store these options.
Next to have this refresh when changing the value of cb_field1 and cb_field2 ensure CB Core Fields Ajax is installed and under Integrations > CB Core Fields Ajax set Update On to cb_field1 and cb_field2. That should be all you'll need to do.