It appears as if everything that you suggest has been done, but it's still not working.
All subscriptions that should show as recurring continue to be one-offs when viewed in the Subscriptions panel, and logs confirm this
Note: The message I get when returned to the site is slightly different from the one you suggested. No mention of subscription id (but I think that's just a message setting in CB Subs somewhere (You can see the message as an image in my previous post).
There is nothing in the logs that suggest what is going wrong, but they are another confirmation that the payments are single and not recurring (See image above).
Is there any chance the cron job could be the issue? This was all default setting stuff- Do I need to do anything more than what you see in the images? When I click on the cron url it doesn't output anything, but that could be expected???
I'm lost, any more suggestions?